Antonio Rinaldi

Antonio RinaldiImage:yamburg_rinaldi.jpg|thumb|Rinaldi's cathedral in a provincial Russian town, 1764 '''Antonio Rinaldi''' (1710-1794) was an Italian architect, trained by Luigi Vanvitelli, who worked mainly in Russia. In 1751, during a trip to England, he was summoned by hetman Kirill Razumovsky to decorate his residences in Ukraine. To this early period belong the Resurrection cathedral in Pochep near Bryansk and the Catherine Cathedral in Kingisepp|Yamburg, now Kingisepp near St Petersburg (''illustrated, right''), where Rinaldi successfully expressed the domed, centrally-planned form required by traditional Russian Orthodox practice in a confident Italian Late Baroque vocabulary. His first important secular commission was the Novoznamenka chateau of Mikhail Illarionovich Vorontsov|Chancellor Woronzow. In 1754, he was appointed chief architect of the ''young court'', i.e., the future Peter III of Russia|Peter III and Catherine II of Russia|Catherine II, who resided at Oranienbaum, Russia|Oranienbaum. In that town he executed his best-known baroque designs: the Palace of Peter III (1758-60), the sumptuously decorated Chinese Palace (1762-68), and the Ice-Sliding Pavilion (1762-74). In the 1770s, Rinaldi served as the main architect of Count Orlov, who was Catherine's prime favourite and the most powerful man in the country. During this period he built two grandiose Neoclassical residences, namely the Marble Palace on the Neva Embankment in St Petersburg and the roomy Gatchina|Gatchina Castle, which was subsequently acquired for Emperor Paul and partly remodeled. He also designed for Orlov several monuments in Tsarskoe Selo, notably the Orlov Gates and the Chesma Column. Rinaldi's last works represent a continuous transition from the dazzling rococo of interiors to the reserved and clear-cut treatment of facades characteristic of Neoclassicism. These include two St Petersburg cathedrals, one dedicated to St Isaac the Dalmatian and subsequently demolished to make way for the St Isaac's Cathedral|present Empire-style structure, and the other, dedicated to St Vladimir|Prince Vladimir and still standing. In 1784, the old master resigned his posts on account of bad health and returned to Italy. He died in Rome on April 10, 1794. Category:1794 deaths|Rinaldi Category:Italian architects|Rinaldi Category:Russian architects|Rinaldi Category:Saint Petersburg|Rinaldi